Improvement in locks for doors



J. G. L. MARTIN.

Looks for Doors, &c.

No. 166,619. Patented Aug. 10,1875.

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UNITED STATES PATENT "()EEIGE.

JAMES G. L. 'MARTIN, OF EUFAULA, ALABAMA.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOCKS FOR DOORSI &c.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 166,619, dated August10, 1875 application filed July 8, 1875.

GAsE B.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES G. L. MARTIN, of Eufaula, in the county ofBarbour and State of Alabama, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Locks; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable othersskilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to the letters ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The principal feature of this invention consists in the combination of atumbler or disk having both an axial and rotary movement, and havingteeth on a portion of its periphery, with a sliding bolt, provided withrack-teeth. the tumbler being fitted on a stationary spindle or arbor,so as to be locked and unlocked therewith by a square or angularprojection on the spindle and a corresponding socket in the tumbler. Akey of peculiar construction is employed for moving the tumbler on thearbor in a lengthwise direction, when it can be turned to operate thebolt. A pull stem and knob are located at the inner side of the door orlook, and combined with the tumbler by rods passing through slots in thecase, for operating the bolt from the inside. The tumbler is held in afixed or locked and unlocked position by the square projection on thearbor or spindle, and by a tongue or beak on the tumbler entering arecess in the lock-case, from both of which it is released by thepressure of the key to either lock or unlock the bolt.

1n the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a view of the lock,with the outer face-plate removed to expose the interior; Fig. 2, asection taken through the bolt-tumbler on the line w as of Fig. 1; Fig.3, a similar section at right angles to Fig. 2, showing the bolttumblerunlocked by the pull-knob; Fig. 4, a view of the toothed tumbler and itsangular locking-spindle, in connection with the bolt; and Fig. 5, aview, showing the recesses in the outer lock-plate, with which thetumbler-projection locks.

In an allowed application filed December 17, 1874, I have claimed andfully particularized a rotating pulley-tumbler capable of receiving anendwise motion on a fixed spindle, to enable it to be unlockedtherefrom, for the purpose of operating a pivoted locking-bar by meansof winding and unwinding a chain-connection with said pulley-tumbler.

In the present invention said tumbler and its adjuncts are retained, butin improved construction and combination with other devices to enable asliding bolt to be operated in a simple and efl'ective manner.

The lock-case A contains the locking-bolt B and the latch-bolt C. Afixed arbor or spindle, D, is secured to the inside plate E, and made toextend through the outside plate of said case to form the key-guide. Thearbor is provided with a square projection, F, and a bow-spring, G, issecured to the case for forcing the tumbler H on the locking-projectionwhen the pressure of the key or knob is removed from said tumbler. Thebow-spring bears against a bush, which is fitted in a recess in thecenter of the tumbler, and made to slide on the arbor. A face-plate, I,on the opposite side of the tumbler is provided with an opening,corresponding in form with that of the locking-projection on the arbor.The tumbler is provided with a segmental rack, or with teeth J around aportion of its periphery, which teeth are made to engage with arackshaped or toothed rear extension, K, of a sliding locking-bolt, B,which moves through the front of the lock-case in the ordinary mannerbut the means for operating the same are made simple and effective.

When the tumbler H is moved on the stem, or unlocked from its arbor bymeans of a key, M, applied at the outside of the door, it can be turnedby said key, so as to project or retract the bolt. The key employed hasa tubular barrel, which fits on the arbor,and with double points orprojections, which enter holes in the tumbler or in its face-plate. Akeyhole guard, N, is applied to the outside of the lock, as shown.

The tumbler, it will be perceived, is locked to the stem by the squareprojection in both the locked and unlocked positions of the bolt; and,in addition thereto, I now propose to lock it to the case of the look bymeans of a beak or tongue, O, on the front face of the tumbler H, whichenters a recess, P or P, in the outside plate of the lock-case, eitherin the locked or unlocked position of the bolt, so that the tumbler mustbe unlocked from both the arbor and the case before the bolt can beeither thrown or withdrawn, as in either of these positions theprojection O is brought opposite to the recess 1? or P and forcedtherein by the bow-spring.

In the present instance I operate the tumbler from the inside of thedoor by means of a pull-knob, Q, which is connected with the tumbler bymeans of strong rods R, which pass through slots r, concentric with thepull"- knob Q, and which serve to limit the throw of the bolt. Bypulling said knob-spindle in an outward direction, the tumbler isreleased from its arbor and locking-beak, and can then be operated orturned for moving the bolt.

The knob Q is provided with a cylindrical socket, into which enters acylindrical post, S, on the lock-case, and which post forms an extensionof the fixed arbor and a central guide for the pull-knob.

In the same case with the locking-bolt'and means for operating the samethere is used a knob-latch, consisting of the latch-bolt O, which ismade open, or provided with two elongated slots, one of which is topermit the knob-spindle U to pass through the bolt, and to enable thelatter to slide on the former, and the other is to allow of the turningof the chain or link connection. The knob-spindle carries a chain or aseries of links, V, Fig. 1, which are attached to the latch-bolt by ahook or staple, or other suitable device. A platespring, W, bearsagainst the heel or rear end of the latch-bolt, for throwing the sameforward or outward.

A thumb-screw, X, is applied to the inner face of the lock-case, whichmay be made to enter a corresponding hole in the shank of the bolt, tomake an additional security to the lock when bolted from the inside.

The key-hole guard N is made of two sections, screwed together, so thatthe guard may be made to suit doors of different thicknesses, the insidesection to have the screw-threads and made fast to the lock-case, andthe outside secured to the door and screwed into the inside, section.

I claim 1. The combination of the rotating and endwise-movable tumblerH, having rack-teeth J, with the rack-bolt B K, fixed arbor D, and asuitable device for unlocking the tumbler from said arbor, substantiallyas herein described.

2. In combination with the rotating and endwise-movable tumbler H, andthe rack-bolt B K, operated thereby, the pull and turn knob Q, connectedwith said tumbler by the rods R It passing through the slots 1', andused as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, with the rotating and endwise-movable tumbler andits fixed locking-arbor D, of the locking beak or projection and thesockets or recesses P P substantially as and for the purpose herein setforth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have affixed my signature inpresence of two witnesses.

J. G. L. MARTIN.

Witnesses H. LAMPLEY, D. O. SEYMOUR.

